Kusankha ma valve ndi malo oyika
(1) Mfundo yosankha ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi operekera madzi
1.Pipe m'mimba mwake si wamkulu kuposa 50mm, ndi koyenera kugwiritsa ntchitovalavu ya globe, chitoliro m'mimba mwake ndi wamkulu kuposa 50mm, ntchitovalve pachipata,valavu ya butterfly;
2.Vavu yowongolera ndivalavu ya globeziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi;
3.Chigawo chomwe chimafuna kukana kwamadzi pang'ono (monga paipi yoyamwa pampu yamadzi) iyenera kugwiritsa ntchitovalve pachipata;
4.Valve yachipatandivalavu ya butterflyiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo la chitoliro pomwe madzi amafunika kuyenda mozungulira, komanso valavu ya globe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito;
5. Gulugufe ndima valve a mpiraiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zokhala ndi malo ochepa oyika;
6. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito avalavu ya globepa chigawo cha chitoliro chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa;
7. Vavu yogwira ntchito zambiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pachitoliro chotulutsira madzi pampopi yayikulu yamadzi.
(2) Malo a mavavu paipi yamadzi
1. Njira yoperekera madzi m'boma lokhalamo ndikuchokera ku gawo la chitoliro chapaipi yapaipi yoperekera madzi;
2.Node za kunja kwa annular mapaipi network m'dera lokhalamo ayenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi zofunika kulekana.Pamene gawo la chitoliro cha annular ndi lalitali kwambiri, ndiloyenera kukhazikitsa valve yogawidwa;
3.Kuyambira kwa chitoliro chanthambi kapena chitoliro chapakhomo kuchokera ku chitoliro chachikulu chamadzi m'boma;
4.Household chitoliro, mita madzi ndi nthambi iliyonse riser (pansi pa riser, chapamwamba ndi m'munsi mapeto ofukula mphete chitoliro network riser);
5.Nthambi chitoliro cha malupu chitoliro maukonde, kulumikiza chitoliro cha kudzera nthambi chitoliro maukonde;
6.Mapaipi operekera madzi m'nyumba kupita m'nyumba, zimbudzi za anthu onse ndi njira zina zoyambira paipi yogawa madzi, Pakakhala malo atatu kapena kupitilira apo papaipi yanthambi yogawa madzi;
7.Kutulutsa chitoliro cha mpope, mpope woyamwa wa mpope wodzithirira;
8.Nthanki yamadzi yolowera, chitoliro chotulutsira, chitoliro cha ngalande;
9.Chitoliro chodzaza madzi pazida (monga chotenthetsera, nsanja yozizirira, etc.);
10.Chitoliro chogawa madzi kwa zipangizo zaukhondo (monga mikodzo, mabeseni, mashawa, etc.);
11.Pamaso pa zipangizo zina, monga ma valve otopa okha, ma valve ochepetsera mphamvu, ochotsera nyundo zamadzi, zoyezera kuthamanga, sprinklers, ndi zina zotero, isanayambe komanso itatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa valve ndi backflow blocker, etc.;
12.Chigawo chotsikitsitsa cha madzi osungira madzi chiyenera kukhala ndi valve yotayira.
(3) Kusankhidwa kwa valve cheke
Onani ma valveAyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi malo awo oyika, kuthamanga kwa madzi patsogolo pa valve, kusindikiza zofunikira zogwirira ntchito mutatha kutseka ndi kukula kwa nyundo yamadzi chifukwa cha kutseka zinthu:
1.Mtundu wa swing,mtundu wa mpirandi ma valve oyendera mtundu wa shuttle ayenera kusankhidwa pamene kuthamanga kwa madzi kusanakhale kocheperako;
2.Pamene ntchito yosindikiza imakhala yolimba pambuyo potseka, achekeni valavundi kasupe wotseka ayenera kusankhidwa;
3. Pamene nyundo yamadzi ikufunika kufooketsa ndi kutsekedwa,Kutseka mwachangu valavu yowunikira chetekapena valavu yoyang'ana Dashpot yokhala ndi chida chonyowa iyenera kusankhidwa;
4. Chimbale chachekeni valavuiyenera kutseka yokha pansi pa mphamvu yokoka kapena masika.
(4) Khazikitsani ma cheki ma valve mu mizere yoperekera madzi
Chitoliro cha utumiki;Pa polowera mapaipi osindikizidwa zotenthetsera madzi kapena makhazikitsidwe madzi;Pa mpope potulutsira madzi;Mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka amaphatikizidwa pa thanki yamadzi, nsanja yamadzi ndi gawo la mapaipi otuluka padziwe lamapiri.
Chidziwitso: Ayichekeni valavuchofunika kwa zigawo chitoliro okonzeka ndi chitoliro backflow preventers.
(5) Udindo wa chipangizo utsi kwa madzi chitoliro
1.Mavavu otopa okhaidzayikidwa kumapeto ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri a maukonde operekera madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi;
2.Chigawo chapaipi chamagetsi operekera madzi omwe ali ndi mpweya wodziwikiratu.Valavu yotulutsa yokhakapena valavu yamanja yaikidwa pachimake cha gawoli kuti iwonongeke;
3. Pneumatic madzi chipangizo, pamene ntchito basi thanki mpweya, malo apamwamba pa maukonde kugawa madzi ayenera kukhala ndi zida.valavu yotulutsa yokha.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mavavu osiyanasiyana
1.Chipata cha valve
Valve yachipataakutanthauza gawo lotsekera (mbale pachipata) motsatira njira yowongoka ya valavu, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati njira yodulira mapaipi, ndiye kuti, yotseguka kapena yotsekedwa kwathunthu.Nthawi zambiri,ma valve pachipatasangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuyenda.Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwapansi kutentha kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, komanso malingana ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za valve.Komama valve pachipatanthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula matope ndi zinthu zina zowulutsira mapaipi
Ubwino:
(1) Kutsika kwamadzimadzi kukana;
(2) Torque yaying'ono yofunika pakutsegula ndi kutseka;
(3) Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu network ya loop pomwe sing'anga imayenda mbali ziwiri, ndiko kuti, kuwongolera kwa sing'anga sikuletsedwa;
(4) Mukatsegulidwa kwathunthu, kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira ndi sing'anga yogwirira ntchito kumakhala kochepa kuposa kwa valve yapadziko lonse lapansi;
(5) Mapangidwe a thupi ndi ophweka, ndipo njira yopangira ndi yabwino;
(6) Utali wake ndi waufupi.
Zoyipa:
(1) Miyeso yayikulu ndi kutalika kotsegulira, malo okulirapo amafunikira;
(2)Mukutsegula ndi kutseka, kutayika kwa kukangana kwa kusindikiza pamwamba kumakhala kokulirapo, ngakhale kutentha kwambiri kosavuta kumayambitsa chodabwitsa;
(3) Generalma valve pachipatakukhala ndi zophimba ziwiri zosindikizira, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta pakukonza, kugaya ndi kukonza;
(4) Nthawi yayitali yotsegula ndi yotseka.
2. Vavu yagulugufe:
Valve ya butterflyndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe imatsegula, kutseka ndi kusintha njira yamadzimadzi mwa kubwereza kusinthasintha kwa mtundu wa disk lotseguka ndi kutseka mbali za 90 °.
Ubwino:
(1) Kapangidwe kosavuta, kakulidwe kakang'ono, kulemera kopepuka, kupulumutsa zinthu;
(2) kutsegula ndi kutseka mofulumira, kukana kuyenda kochepa;
(3) Angagwiritsidwe ntchito sing'anga ndi inaimitsidwa particles olimba, malinga ndi mphamvu ya kusindikiza pamwamba Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ufa ndi sing'anga granular.Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula ndi kutseka kwa bidirectional ndi kusintha kwa mpweya wabwino ndi payipi yochotsa fumbi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzitsulo, makampani owunikira, mphamvu yamagetsi, petrochemical system yamapaipi a gasi ndi madzi, etc.
Zoyipa:
(1) Kuwongolera koyenda kwamtundu sikwakukulu, kukatsegulidwa mpaka 30%, kutuluka kudzalowa kuposa 95%;
(2) Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ndi kusindikiza zinthu zavalavu ya butterfly, sizoyenera kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwapaipi yamapaipi.General ntchito kutentha m'munsimu 300 ℃, PN40 pansipa;
(2) Kusindikiza kosindikiza kumakhala koyipa poyerekeza ndi ma valve a mpira ndi ma valve a globe, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe zofunikira zosindikizira sizokwera kwambiri.
3. Vavu ya mpira
Valve ya mpiraimapangidwa kuchokera ku valavu ya pulagi, mbali zake zotsegula ndi zotseka ndi mpira, pogwiritsa ntchito mpira kuzungulira tsinde kuzungulira tsinde madigiri 90 kuti akwaniritse cholinga chotsegula ndi kutseka.Vavu ya mpira mu payipi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kudula, kugawa ndikusintha njira yolumikizira media, yopangidwira kutsegulira kooneka ngati V.valavu ya mpirailinso ndi ntchito yabwino yoyendetsera ntchito.
Ubwino:
(1) Ali ndi kukana kotsika kwambiri (kwenikweni 0);
(2) Chifukwa sichimakhazikika pa ntchito (popanda mafuta), ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito modalirika kuzinthu zowonongeka ndi madzi otsika otentha;
(3) Mu lalikulu kuthamanga ndi kutentha osiyanasiyana, akhoza kukwaniritsa chisindikizo wathunthu;
(4) Imatha kuzindikira kutsegulira ndi kutseka mwachangu, ndipo nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka yazinthu zina ndi 0.05 ~ 0.1s yokha, kuti iwonetsetse kuti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamachitidwe odzichitira okha a benchi yoyesera.Tsegulani mwamsanga ndi kutseka valavu, ntchito popanda kukhudza;
(5) Zigawo zotsekera zozungulira zimatha kukhazikitsidwa zokha pamalire;
(6) Sing'anga yogwirira ntchito imasindikizidwa modalirika kumbali zonse ziwiri;
(7) Pamene kutsegulidwa kwathunthu ndi kutsekedwa kwathunthu, malo osindikizira a mpira ndi mpando amasiyanitsidwa ndi sing'anga, kotero sing'anga yomwe imadutsa mu valve pa liwiro lalikulu sichidzayambitsa kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira;
(8) Mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono, kulemera kwake, akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya valve yotsika kutentha kwapakati;
(9) Symmetrical valve body, makamaka welded valve body structure, imatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa chitoliro;
(10) Zigawo zotseka zimatha kupirira kusiyana kwakukulu pakutseka.
(11) Valovu ya mpira wa thupi la valavu yotsekedwa mokwanira ikhoza kukwiriridwa molunjika pansi, kuti ma valve amkati asawonongeke, ndipo moyo wautali wautumiki ukhoza kufika zaka 30.Ndiwo valavu yabwino kwambiri yamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.
Zoyipa:
(1) Chifukwa chachikulu valavu mpando kusindikiza mphete zakuthupi ndi PTFE, ndi inert pafupifupi onse mankhwala zinthu, ndipo ali ndi makhalidwe athunthu ang'onoang'ono coefficient ya mikangano, ntchito khola, zovuta kukalamba, osiyanasiyana kutentha ndi kusindikiza kwambiri. ntchito.Komabe, zinthu zakuthupi za teflon, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa kukula, kukhudzidwa kwa kuzizira komanso kusayenda bwino kwamafuta, zimafuna kuti mpando upangidwe mozungulira izi.Chifukwa chake, zinthu zosindikizira zikalimba, kudalirika kwa chisindikizo kumasokonekera.Komanso, PTFE kutentha kukana kalasi ndi otsika, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa chikhalidwe zosakwana 180 ℃.Pamwamba pa kutentha uku, zinthu zosindikizira zidzakalamba.Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 120 ℃.
(2) Ntchito yake yolamulira yokhudzana ndi valavu yapadziko lonse imakhala yoipitsitsa, makamaka valve ya pneumatic (kapena valve yamagetsi).
4. Vavu ya globe
Zimatanthawuza valavu yomwe gawo lotsekera ( disc ) limayenda pamzere wapakati wa mpando wa valve.Malingana ndi kayendedwe ka valve disc, kusintha kwa mpando wa valve kutsegulira kumayenderana ndi valve disc stroke.Chifukwa chakuti mtundu uwu wa valve tsinde yotsegula kapena kutseka kutsekeka ndi yochepa, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yodalirika kwambiri yodula, komanso chifukwa cha kusintha. wa kutsegulira kwa mpando wa valve ndi wofanana ndi kugunda kwa diski ya valve, ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
Ubwino:
(1) Potsegula ndi kutseka, chifukwa kukangana pakati pa diski ndi valavu yosindikizira thupi ndi yaying'ono kuposa valve yachipata, choncho imakhala yosagwirizana;
(2) Kutalika kotsegulira nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1/4 yokha ya valavu ya mpando, kotero ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa valve yachipata;
(3) Kawirikawiri pali malo amodzi okha osindikizira pa thupi la valve ndi diski ya valve, kotero kuti kupanga mapangidwe kumakhala bwino komanso kosavuta kusamalira;
(4) Chifukwa chodzaza chake nthawi zambiri chimakhala chisakanizo cha asibesitosi ndi graphite, ndiye kuti kutentha kwake kumakhala kokwera.Mavavu a nthunzi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma valve a globe.
Zoyipa:
(1) chifukwa sing'anga kudzera valavu otaya malangizo zasintha, kotero osachepera otaya kukana wavalavu yoyimitsandi apamwamba kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya mavavu;
(2) Chifukwa cha kukwapula kwautali, liwiro lotsegula ndilochedwa kuposa valve ya mpira.
5. Pulagi vavu
Ndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe gawo lotsekera ndi valavu yozungulira yooneka ngati plunger, ndipo khomo la pulojekiti pa pulagi ya valavu limalumikizidwa kapena kupatulidwa ndi doko la ma valve kudzera pa 90 ° kuzungulira kuti muzindikire kutseguka kapena kutseka.Mawonekedwe a pulagi ya valve akhoza kukhala cylindrical kapena conical.Mfundo yake ndi yofanana ndi valve ya mpira.Valve ya mpira imapangidwa pamaziko a valavu ya pulagi.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podyera mafuta m'minda yamafuta komanso m'makampani a petrochemical.
6. Valavu chitetezo
Zimatanthawuza chipangizo chotetezera kupanikizika kwambiri pa chidebe choponderezedwa, zipangizo kapena payipi.Pamene kupanikizika kwa zipangizo, chidebe kapena mapaipi akukwera pamwamba pa mtengo wovomerezeka, valavu imatsegula yokha ndiyeno imatuluka mokwanira kuti iteteze kukakamiza kwa zipangizo, chidebe kapena payipi kuti isapitirire kukwera;pamene kupanikizika kumachepetsedwa kukhala mtengo wotchulidwa, valavu iyenera kutsekedwa panthawi yake kuti iteteze chitetezo cha zida, zotengera kapena mapaipi.
7. Valavu ya msampha wa nthunzi
Potumiza nthunzi, mpweya woponderezedwa ndi ma media ena, padzakhala mapangidwe amadzi okhazikika, kuti tiwonetsetse kuti chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chimagwira ntchito motetezeka, tiyenera kutulutsa zinthu zopanda pake komanso zovulaza munthawi yake kuti tiwonetsetse kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo.Lili ndi ntchito zotsatirazi :
(1) Imatha kuthetsa msanga madzi a condensation;
(2) kupewa kutayikira nthunzi;
(3) Kupatula mpweya ndi mpweya wina wosasunthika.
8. Valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika
Ndi valavu yomwe imachepetsa kukakamiza kolowera kuti ikhale yofunikira potulutsa posintha, ndipo imadalira mphamvu ya sing'anga yokhayo kuti mphamvu yotuluka ikhale yokhazikika.
9. Chongani valavu
Thechekeni valavundi valavu basi, amene basi anatsegula ndi kutsekedwa ndi mphamvu kwaiye ndi otaya sing'anga palokha mu payipi.Onani valavuimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuletsa kubweza kwapakati, kupewa kupopera ndi kuyendetsa galimoto, komanso kutayikira kwapakati.Onani ma valveitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito popereka machitidwe othandizira pomwe kupanikizika kumatha kukwera pamwamba pa kukakamiza kwadongosolo.Itha kugawidwa makamaka kukhala mtundu wa swing (kuzungulira molingana ndi pakati pa mphamvu yokoka) ndi mtundu wokweza (kusuntha motsatira nsonga).
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-06-2023